• Historical (multigenerational trauma) is trauma experienced by a specific cultural group.
• Refers to the cumulative emotional and psychological wounding of an individual or generation caused by a traumatic experience or event.
  • Researchers have found that racial and ethnic discrimination can negatively affect health across lifetimes and generations.
  • The impact of race on health stems largely from differences in access to resources and opportunities that can hurt or enhance health.

American Indian Historical Trauma

• Have been exposed to generations of violence, though colonization, broken treaties, removal, reservations, land loss, assimilation, displacement, racism and anti-Indian policies.
  • Example of Stressor: The Americanization of Indian Boarding Schools and the forced assimilation among Indian students.
  • Current Manifestations:
    • “High rates” of:
      • Suicide,
      • Homicide,
      • Domestic Violence,
      • Child Abuse,
      • Alcoholism and other social problems

Services Provided:

• Culturally Appropriate Public Health Interventions
• Community Based Participatory Research